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UC Referencing Guide

Speech

General guidelines

The preferred method for citing a speech is to find a transcript or recording of the speech and cite this in your document using the rules for citing books, articles or recordings.  If you cannot find a transcript or recording, use the format below.

Format

Speaker, AA Year of speech, 'Title of speech', speech, Description of speech, Location, Day Month of speech.

Examples

Hodson, A 2000, 'Peace in today's world', speech, Remembrance Day Speech presented at the Australian Veterans Memorial Service, Lightning Ridge, NSW, 11 November.

Clark, H 2007, 'Prime Minister's 2007 Anzac Day message', speech, New Zealand, 25 April.

EndNote Reference Type

Unpublished Material

Citing a Source Within a Source

When citing a source you haven't read yourself, but which is referred to in a source you have read.

In-text reference

Lilly (as cited in Maxwell 1999, p.25) stated that '...'

'...' (Schwartz as cited in Burton, Westen & Kowalski 2009, p.63)

Reference list

Maxwell, F 1999, Phonology, Brooks Cole, San Francisco.

Burton L, Westen D & Kowalski R 2009, Psychology, Wiley, Milton, Qld.

No Author / Editor

General guidelines

If there is no author - substitute the title in the position of the author.

Format

Title of work Year of publication, Publisher, Location.

Examples

Macroeconomics, prices and quantities: Essays in memory of Arthur M. Okun 1983, Blackwell, Oxford, England.

No Location / No Publisher / No Year

General guidelines

If the location is not known - substitute n.p. in place of the location.

There are no guidelines for citing works with no publisher in the Style Manual: For Authors, Editors and Printers.  It is acceptable in other styles to use the location and date.  Consult your lecturer before citing material without a publisher.

If the date is not known - substitute an approximate date (c. for circa or ? after date) or n.d. in place of the year.

Format - no date

Author, AA c. year, Title of work, Publisher, Location.

Author, AA n.d., Title of work, Publisher, Location.

Author, AA 1943?, Title of work, Publisher, Location.

Examples

Smythe, V c. 2007, Ant colonies: How they communicate, Emu, Canberra.

Browne, JD n.d., Forensic science as a career, Tower, London.