Italicise the volume number but not the issue number or the enclosing parentheses.
Include the DOI in the reference if it is available.
Effective March 2017, the recommended DOI display format looks like this: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016372.
However, older formats such as doi:10.1037/arc0000014 or http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/arc0000014 are also acceptable.
Pick one format to use consistently throughout a reference list.
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume(issue), pages. DOI or URL
Jackson, A. (2007). New approaches to drug therapy. Psychology Today and Tomorrow, 27(1), 54-59.
Berno, T. (2017). Social enterprise, sustainability and community in post-earthquake Christchurch: Exploring the role of local food systems in building resilience. Journal of Enterprising Communities, 11(1), 149.
Noor, A. (2008). Ethics, religion and good governance. JOAAG: Journal of Administration & Governance, 3(2), 62-77. http://www.joaag.com/Home_Page.php
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume(issue), pages. DOI or URL
Johns, E., & Mewhort, D. (2009). Test sequence priming in recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 35(5), 1162-1174. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016372
Kramer, E., & Bloggs, T. (2002). On quality in art and art therapy. American Journal of Art Therapy, 40, 218-222.
Wychick, J., & Thompson, L. (2005). Fallen for a scam lately? Australia Today, 54-60.
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C., Author, D. D., Author, E. E., Author, F. F., & Author, G. G. (Year of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume(issue), pages. DOI or URL
Elo, A., Ervasti, J., Kuosma, E., & Mattila, P. (2008). Evaluation of an organizational stress management program in a municipal public works organization. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 13(1), 10-23.
Ramalho, M., Da Silva, G., & Dias, L. (2009). Genetic plant improvement and climate changes. Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 9(2), 189-195. http://www.sbmp.org.br/cbab
Restouin, A., Aresta, S., Prebet, T., Borg, J., Badache, A., & Collette, Y. (2009). A Simplified, 96-well-adapted, ATP luminescence-based motility assay. BioTechniques, 47, 871-875. http://www.biotechniques.com/BiotechniquesJournal/
Enter the first 19 authors, type three full stops (ellipsis), then enter the last author.
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C., Author, D. D., Author, E. E., Author, F. F., Author, G. G., Author, H. H., Author, I. I., Author, J. J., Author, K. K., Author, L. L., Author, M. M., Author, N. N., Author, O. O., Author, P. P., Author, Q. Q., Author, R. R., Author, S. S., ... Author, Z. Z. (Year of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume(issue), pages. DOI or URL
Kalnay, E., Kanamitsu, M., Kistler, R., Collins, W., Deaven, D., Gandin, L., Iredell, M., Saha, S., White, G., Woollen, J., Zhu, Y., Chelliah, M., Ebisuzaki, W., Higgins, W., Janowiak, J., Mo, K. C., Ropelewski, C., Wang, J., Leetmaa, A., ... Joseph, D. (1996). The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 77(3), 437-471. https://doi.org/fg6rf9
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of review. [Review of the book/film Book/Film title, by B. B. Author]. Title of Journal, volume(issue), pages. DOI or URL
Marson, S. M. (2009). How big should we be? A Herculean task accomplished. [Review of the book Human Body Size and the Laws of Scaling: Physiological, Performance, Growth, Longevity and Ecological Ramification, by T. Samaras]. Public Health Nutrition, 12, 1299-1300.
If there is no author - substitute the title in the position of the author.
Title of work. (Year of publication). Publisher. DOI or URL
Macroeconomics, prices and quantities: Essays in memory of Arthur M. Okun. (1983). Blackwell.
If the date is not known use n.d. in place of the year. If you have an approximate date use the abbreviation ca. (circa) and the approximate year.
Author, A. A. (ca. year). Title of work. Publisher. DOI or URL
Author, A. A. (n.d.). Title of work. Publisher. DOI or URL
Smythe, V. (ca. 2007). Ant colonies: How they communicate. Emu.
Browne, J. D. (n.d.). Forensic science as a career. Tower.
Secondary source refers to information first reported in another source, the primary source. If it is possible, find the original source and read it, citing the original source. If this is not possible then use the procedure below.
Provide a reference to the secondary source (the source you read) and, in-text, identify the primary source then write "as cited in" the secondary source that you used. Include the original year if you know it.
(Author 1, Year of original, as cited in Author 2, Year)
Author 1, Year of original (as cited in Author 2, Year)
Lilly (as cited in Maxwell, 1999) stated that ...
"..." (Schwartz, 2006, as cited in Burton, et al., 2009, p.63)
Maxwell, F. (1999). Phonology. Brooks Cole.
Burton, L., Westen, D., & Kowalski, R. (2009). Psychology. Wiley.
Journal Article
Electronic Article