University of Canberra
Skip to Main Content

UC Referencing Guide

Patent

Note

There are no formal guidelines for referencing a Patent in the Style Manual.  The Library has used the structure of a Report to create these guidelines.  This is consistent with the format used in the earlier edition of the Style Manual.

Hyperlink the title if the item is available online.  If the document you are producing is print only, enter the URL after the last full stop.

Format

Inventor AA (Year of issue) Title of patent, Country Patent No. xxxxx, Office of issue, accessed Day Month Year.

Inventor AA (Year of application) Title of patent, Country Patent Application No. xxxxx, Office of issue, accessed Day Month Year.

Examples

Rajaram G (2011) Improved advertising with audio content, Australia Patent No. 2006297131 B2, IP Australia.

Dahl C (2011) Mobile phone cover with manually adjustable stand, Australia Patent Application No. 2011905080, IP Australia.

EndNote Reference Type

Patent

Citing a Source Within a Source

There are no formal guidelines for citing a source within a source in the Style Manual.  These instructions are based on the guidelines in the 6th edition of the Style Manual.

When citing a source you haven't read yourself, but which is referred to in a source you have read.

In-text reference

Lilly (as cited in Maxwell 1999:25) stated that '...'

'...' (Schwartz as cited in Burton, Westen and Kowalski 2009:63)

Reference list

Maxwell F (1999) Phonology, Brooks Cole, San Francisco.

Burton L, Westen D and Kowalski R (2009) Psychology, Wiley, Milton, Qld.

No Author / Editor

General guidelines

There are no formal guidelines for referencing an item without an author in the Style Manual.  These instructions are based on the guidelines in the 6th edition of the Style Manual.

If there is no author - substitute the title in the position of the author.

Format

Title of work (Year) Publisher, Location.

Examples

Macroeconomics, prices and quantities: Essays in memory of Arthur M. Okun (1983) Blackwell, Oxford, England.

No Location / No Publisher / No Year

General guidelines

The place of publication can be omitted if no place is known.

There are no guidelines for citing works with no publisher in the Style Manual. Consult your lecturer before citing material without a publisher.

If the date is not known - substitute n.d. in place of the year.

Format - no date

Author AA (n.d.) Title of work, Publisher, Location.

Examples

Browne JD (n.d.) Forensic science as a career, Tower, London.