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UC Referencing Guide

General Guidelines

APA follows guidelines outlined in The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation for parliamentary debates.  Examples outlined below are for Australian Parliamentary Debates (Hansard).  Please consult The Bluebook for other jurisdictions.

Hansard

Format

Jurisdiction, Parliamentary Debates, Legislative Chamber, Day Month Year of debates, pages (full name of speaker and position, if applicable) (Country abbreviation if not evident) URL

Examples

Australian Capital Territory, Parliamentary Debates, Legislative Assembly, 2002, 15.

Commonwealth, Parliamentary Debates, House of Representatives, 2 March 2011 (Austl.)  http://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Hansard/

Commonwealth, Parliamentary Debates, House of Representatives, 25 June 2008, 5823 (Robert McClelland, Attorney-General)(Austl.)

No Author / Editor

General guidelines

If there is no author - substitute the title in the position of the author.

Format

Title of work. (Year of publication). Publisher. DOI or URL

Example

Macroeconomics, prices and quantities: Essays in memory of Arthur M. Okun. (1983). Blackwell.

No Year

General guidelines

If the date is not known use n.d. in place of the year. If you have an approximate date use the abbreviation ca. (circa) and the approximate year.

Format

Author, A. A. (ca. year). Title of work. Publisher. DOI or URL

Author, A. A. (n.d.). Title of work. Publisher. DOI or URL

Examples

Smythe, V. (ca. 2007). Ant colonies: How they communicate. Emu.

Browne, J. D. (n.d.). Forensic science as a career. Tower.

Citing a Source Within a Source

Secondary source refers to information first reported in another source, the primary source. If it is possible, find the original source and read it, citing the original source.  If this is not possible then use the procedure below.

Provide a reference to the secondary source (the source you read) and, in-text, identify the primary source then write "as cited in" the secondary source that you used.  Include the original year if you know it.

Format

(Author 1, Year of original, as cited in Author 2, Year)

Author 1, Year of original (as cited in Author 2, Year)

In-text reference

Lilly (as cited in Maxwell, 1999) stated that ...

"..." (Schwartz, 2006, as cited in Burton et al., 2009, p.63)

Reference list

Maxwell, F. (1999). Phonology. Brooks Cole.

Burton, L., Westen, D., & Kowalski, R. (2009). Psychology. Wiley.

EndNote Reference Type

No format is available for Hansard.